Mental disorders are a collection of abnormal conditions, both physically and mentally (Baihaqi et al, 2005: 4). One of the factors that cause a person to experience mental disorders is the presence of psychosocial stressors.
Psychosocial stressor is any situation or event that causes changes in a person's life (child, teenager or adult): so that person is forced to make adjustments to cope with the pressures that arise (Hawari, 2001: x). These psychosocial stressors arise as a result of fast-paced social changes that are the impact of the modernization and industrialization processes.
Social interaction or socialization is a healthy interpersonal relationship, occurs when individuals involved feel close to each other, while personal identity can still be maintained. It is also necessary to foster feelings of interdependence, which is a balance between dependence and independence in a relationship. (Stuart and Sundeen, 1998: 345).
Social interaction is a condition in which individuals experience or are at risk of experiencing negative responses, inadequate dissatisfaction in interactions.
(Carpenito, 2001: 385).
From the two understandings above, it can be concluded that social interaction is the ability of individuals to carry out an activity with other individuals in establishing cooperative relationships, the existence of interdependence, balance and satisfaction and independence in an atmosphere of healthy relationships.
According to Townsend, M.C (1998:152) social isolation is a lonely state experienced by a person because other people are considered to express negative and threatening attitudes to themselves.
Social isolation is a condition in which individuals or groups experience or feel the need or desire to increase engagement with others but are unable to make contact (Carpenito, L.J, 1998: 381). According to Rawlins, R.P & Heacock, P.E (1988: 423) social isolation withdrawal is an attempt to avoid interacting and relating to other people, individuals feel lost in close relationships, do not have the opportunity to think, feel, achieve, or are always in failure.
Nursing problems and data that need to be studied:
1. Nursing problems:
- Social isolation: withdrawing
- Risk for disturbed sensory perception : hallucinations
- Disturbed self-concept: low self-esteem
2. Data that needs to be studied
Social isolation: withdrawing
Subjective Data:
- The client says ; I am incapable, unable, ignorant, stupid, self-critical, self-embarrassing.
Objective Data:
- The client seems to prefer to be alone, confused when asked to choose an alternative course of action, wants to injure himself/want to end his life.
Risk for disturbed sensory perception : hallucinations
Subjective data:
- The client says ; hear sounds that are unrelated to the real stimulus.
- The client says ; see the picture without any real stimulus.
- The client says ; smells without a stimulus.
- The client says ; feel like eating something.
- The client says ; felt something on his skin.
- The client says ; Fear of sounds/sounds/images seen and heard.
- The client says ; want to hit/throw things.
Objective Data:
- The clients talk and laugh to themselves.
- The client behaves like hearing/seeing something.
- The client stops talking in the middle of a sentence to hear something.
- Disorientation
Disturbed self-concept: low self-esteem
Subjective data:
- The client says: I am incapable, ignorant, stupid, self-critical, expressing feelings of shame towards myself.
Objective data:
- The client seems to prefer to be alone, confused when asked to choose an alternative course of action, wants to injure himself or wants to end his life.
Possible Nursing Diagnosis
- Social isolation: withdrawing
- Risk for disturbed sensory perception : hallucinations
- Disturbed self concept: low self-esteem
