Corneal ulcer is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. It is a common condition in humans particularly in the tropics and the agrarian societies. In developing countries, children afflicted by Vitamin A deficiency are at high risk for corneal ulcer and may become blind in both eyes, which may persist lifelong. In ophthalmology, a corneal ulcer usually refers to having an infectious cause while the term corneal abrasion refers more to physical abrasions.
1. Anxiety related to sensory impairment and lack of understanding of postoperative care, drug administration.
Nursing Intervention:
- Assess the degree and duration of visual disturbances.
- Orient the patient to the new environment.
- Describe the perioperative routine.
- Encourage to carry out daily living habits if the patient is able
- Encourage the participation of family or significant others in patient care.
2. Risk for injury related to visual impairment
Nursing Intervention:
- Assist patient when able to ambulate postoperatively until stable.
- Orient the patient to the room.
- Discuss the need to use metal shields or goggles if necessary.
- Do not apply pressure to the traumatized eye.
- Use adequate procedures when administering eye medications.
3. Acute pain related to trauma, increased IOP, inflammatory surgical intervention, or administration of dilator eye drops.
Nursing Intervention:
- Give medication to control pain and IOP as prescribed.
- Apply cold compresses as requested for blunt trauma.
- Reduce the lighting level.
- Encourage the use of sunglasses in strong light.
4. Risk for self-care related to visual impairment
Nursing Intervention:
- Provide information to the patient or those closest to him about signs and symptoms, complications that must be reported to the doctor immediately.
- Provide verbal and written instructions to the patient and significant other regarding the correct technique for administering medication.
- Evaluate the need for assistance after discharge.
- Teach patient and family visual guidance techniques.
5. Disturbed Sensory perception : visual related to visual impairment
Nursing Intervention:
- Introduce the patient to the surroundings.
- Tell the patient to optimize other senses that are not disturbed.
- Visit frequently to determine needs and relieve anxiety.
- Involve loved ones in care and activities.
- Reduce noise and provide balanced rest.
6. Knowledge deficit related to lack of information about self-care and disease process
Nursing Intervention:
- Tell the patient about his illness.
- Teach self-care during illness.
- Teach the procedure for instilling eye drops and changing dressings to the patient and family.
- Discuss symptoms of increased IOP and visual disturbances.
